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Maize growers urged to consider weather-resilient methods
Maize growers urged to consider weather-resilient methods

27 August 2022, 9:11 PM

Maize growers are being warned they need to switch up their methods or face smaller yields as the effects of climate change creates more extreme weather.July was one of the warmest and wettest on record across the motu, with five separate weather events causing flooding, NIWA said.Foundation for Arable Research senior researcher David Densley said maize growers should consider adapting production systems to be more resilient to weather.Though maize typically did well in warmer climates, evapotranspiration rates increased as soil temperatures went up, meaning a plant needed more water simply to maintain itself."Some of the modelling work we've done has shown that this last season in the Waikato, for example, we needed another 52mm of water, just to achieve the same thing."The impact of warmer and dryer temperatures during the growing period is that we need more water to be able to produce the same thing, otherwise drought occurs and impacts the maize."During the critical grain fill period, estimated maize yield loss when drought stress persisted for four or more consecutive days was around 3 percent to 9 percent yield loss per day of stress.Growers should consider using no till or strip till to prepare and plant maize crops, rather than turning the soil over using conventional cultivation, Densley said.That at may result in higher one-off costs, but would pay off in the long term."Thinking about, how do I carry more of this rainfall that I'm getting, in the winter and the spring, how do I carry that through into the summer when I'm going to need it most?"The maize water demands peak over flowering, which is typically in January, which is typically the hottest, driest period, so carrying that water through so it doesn't impact our maize yield and our maize quality."As well as using no till or strip till methods, an increasing number of growers were utilising cover crops and catch crops over winter, including nitrogen-fixing legumes to reduce nitrogen inputs, he said.Farmers were applying variable rate lime, and using variable rate seeding rates for plant population, as well as deep soil sampling for nitrogen to better match inputs with productivity."About 10 to 20 farmers are managing their crops at this level for maize production, so blanket applications remain the norm."Densley recommended all farmers adopt pre-side-dress deep N sampling, which does not require precision agriculture technology.The cost of carrying out the sampling, which measures plant available soil nitrogen levels to a depth of 60cm, was more than covered by savings in applied nitrogen and also provided environmental gains with reductions in nitrogen loss and greenhouse gas emissions, he said.He suggested farmers trial deep N sampling to gain some trust and apply side dress nitrogen based on the results.

Inflation hitting small businesses hard - report
Inflation hitting small businesses hard - report

24 August 2022, 9:53 PM

Small business sales have fallen to their lowest level since September last year, as consumers feel the rising cost of living.The latest Xero small business index shows sales in July fell 1.5 percent year-on-year, down from 4.4 percent growth in June.At the same time, inflationary pressures continued for small firms, as wage growth was above 6 percent - with construction and hospitality leading the growth.Xero country manager Bridget Snelling said inflation also meant the fall in sales was much worse than it appeared."Inflation in Aotearoa has hit 7.3 percent. This suggests the volume of goods and services sold has actually been much lower and price increases are hiding this real drop in sales."We estimate the real sales drop for small businesses is closer to negative 8.8 percent year-on-year."Snelling said falling sales and rising wages created pressure for firms."For wage growth to be sustainable, we really need to see it matched by high sales."We want to be a high wage economy, absolutely, but this is only really going to last if sales can grow and we can match that high wage rate with a growth in sales."At the moment small businesses will really be feeling the pinch, still paying high wages but getting less money in the door."Snelling said the falling sales was a clear sign that small businesses needed support from people shopping locally.Small business jobs also continued to grow, with 4.7 percent more jobs in small firms than there were a year ago.It was the third successive month that jobs growth was above the long term average of 3 percent year-on-year."Job growth means more Kiwis are choosing to work in small businesses. We're in the middle of a significant labour shortage and it's encouraging to see small businesses are continuing to compete against larger corporations."

Kiwibank government ownership a setback for competition, fund manager says
Kiwibank government ownership a setback for competition, fund manager says

23 August 2022, 9:32 PM

Kiwibank risks becoming a "zombie bank" under direct government ownership, according to a KiwiSaver fund manager.The government will buy out the Super Fund, ACC and NZ Post to take complete control of Kiwibank, in a deal that values the company at $2.1 billion.Managing director of the Simplicity not-for-profit KiwiSaver provider Sam Stubbs told RNZ the government move was a setback for competition."Kiwibank was set up to be the national champion bank and to really create proper competition for the Australian banks and it has unfortunately not succeeded in doing that, it's never had more 5 percent market share."Simplicity managing director Sam Stubbs. File photo Photo:The government said it intended to keep a sensible distance between itself and the day-to-day running of the bank but will be open to proposals to help the company grow.But Stubbs said the government had starved the bank of capital and its mixed ownership model never gave it the financial support needed to take on the four big Australian owned banks."What we have now is a bank which, many years after foundation, is really a small-part player in the market and really risks turning into a zombie bank unless the government brings out its cheque book and recapitalises it to properly compete with the Australian banks," Stubbs said.Unless that happens, he said, Kiwibank would remain a "one armed boxer in a ring with four heavyweights".A recent report from KPMG shows that Kiwibank had just over $30 billion in assets but the big four Australian banks had between $123b and $190b, however, Kiwibank's chief executive Steve Jurkovich has said outside capital was not a priority for the bank.KPMG head of banking and finance John Kensington told RNZ that Kiwibank had done "remarkably well", as it had managed to expand from being one of the smaller banks, which had total assets of between $2b tand $6b, to its current size.The change in Kiwibank's ownership structure suggested the government was prepared to provide financial backing when needed, he said."The government's coffers are not indefinitely deep and at the moment, there seems to be a lot of calls for money to be spent differently be it in health and education ... so they'll definitely have to line up there," Kensington said."As a wise investor, the government will have factored that in and realised that, at various points, it will have to give capital."So, it will probably get the degree of importance and priority that it requires."Finance Minister Grant Robertson. Photo: Pool / NZME / Mark MitchellFinance Minister Grant Robertson told Morning Report the government was open to proposals for capital needs from Kiwibank."There is plenty of competition in the market but it's not necessarily driving all of the outcomes that we would want - and I accept that."But our basis for having Kiwibank is both to put pressure on those big four banks but also to give New Zealanders a genuine, competitive, reliable option that sees the profits stay in New Zealand."Obviously yesterday the Kiwibank chief executive Steve Jurkovich said they attempt to fund their capital needs internally."But if there is a need for further capital to help the bank be more competitive then the government is very open to hearing those propsals from Kiwibank because we do want it to be that viable competitor that I think it can be. "Stubbs said he would have liked to have seen the government pursue a partial share float of the bank, in a model similar to that of the power companies."They could have listed this, they could have sold a small percentage of it ... bring in a proper commercial board and once you start tapping capital markets in that sense, then you can borrow the money that you need, you can get the shareholder capital you need to beef yourself up and be a serious player," Stubbs said."It would have allowed Kiwibank to break out of its shackles and be a proper capitalised large-scale player which helps drive down mortgage rates, drive up deposit rates and take back some of the billions of dollars in profit that the Australian banks are milking from New Zealanders."A partial public listing of the bank would have opened the door to offshore investors owning a slice of Kiwibank, such as the framework for the big power companies, which retained majority government ownership."It does appear that this transaction was ideologically driven, which was that in no instance should state-owned assets should be allowed to list on the stock exchange," Stubbs said.He said there would have plenty of interest from KiwiSaver providers, including Simplicity, that would want to take a long-term stake in the bank.Robertson said the government wanted to see Kiwibank grow and remain in New Zealand hands."Unfortunately the Super Fund, who have been a really positive influence on the bank, wanted to be able to bring in private capital from overseas, wanted to be able to sell eventually to potentially overseas interests."That ran counter to the objectives we've had, and the bank has had, for over 20 years of being 100 percent New Zealand-owned."We've stepped up, we're prepared to continue to work with them and continue to see them grow."

Waterways Protection Fund extended
Waterways Protection Fund extended

22 August 2022, 8:10 PM

Nearly 60 landowners and community groups used Auckland Council’s Regional Waterway Protection Fund last year, sharing $800,000 for projects in Franklin and Papakura.That awareness has seen extra money made available to expand the fund this year into Rodney and Aotea / Great Barrier Island.Franklin Local Board Chair Andy Baker says the goal is to exclude stock from waterways and plant riparian margins to reduce contaminants reaching the water. “That helps improve our streams, wetlands, and harbours. Their health is critical to our environment, communities and economy.”The Auckland Unitary Plan requires stock to be kept out of waterways. Deputy Mayor and Franklin Ward Councillor Bill Cashmore says anyone who hasn’t started needs to. “We all know fencing waterways and excluding stock contributes to better water quality.”Papakura Local Board Chair Brent Catchpole says it’s important landowners, farmers and lifestyle block owners understand the rules. “Council’s website  has more information, and the Regional Waterways Protection Fund can help cover some of the costs of projects.”Applications can be made to the fund to support fencing projects to keep stock out of waterways.Information has gone out to relevant landowners and support for those interested is available now, with applications open from 1 September to 14 October.Applications are assessed in November with funding awarded in December for work in 2023. Support is available to any landowner or group working on a 5 hectare plus private property. Those previously funded can apply again if that work has been done.Rodney Local Board Chair Phelan Pirrie says it’s great waterways protection is being funded regionally, continuing on from the Board’s Healthy Harbour Fund, which ends this year. “It’s a perfect opportunity for landowners to access funds that effectively halve project costs.”Applicants must contribute the other half, but that can include in-kind support such as volunteer labour, cash or contributions from other donors.Aotea / Great Barrier Local Board Chair Izzy Fordham is keen for landowners to tap into the fund. “The health of our environment is never far from the minds of locals. We encourage anyone eligible for the offer of assistance to improve our waterways to take advantage.”Selection criteria include environmental and community benefits, significance and size of the area, working with iwi and other groups, and the likelihood of success.Senior Healthy Waters Specialist Wendy D’Arcy says it’s a chance to secure funding and advice on improving waterways. “Working across Franklin and Papakura has shown us the great work many are doing to improve water quality.”Call Wendy D’Arcy 027 264 3379, or email wendy.darcy@aucklandcouncil.govt.nz for more.

Bees exposed to pesticides show impaired visually guided behaviour - research
Bees exposed to pesticides show impaired visually guided behaviour - research

20 August 2022, 8:25 PM

New research has found bees struggle to fly in a straight line if they've been exposed to pesticides, which makes it harder for them to find their way back to the hive.Released by The University of Oxford the paper says honeybees have an innate ability to orient themselves back onto a straight line when blown off course.Researchers tested this ability with walking bees by putting them in front of video screens that tricked them into thinking they had moved off course.Lead author Dr Rachel Parkinson said bees contaminated with modern pesticides were worse at correcting themselves."Here we show that commonly used insecticides like sulfoxaflor and the neonicotinoid imidacloprid can profoundly impair the visually guided behaviour of honeybees."There was a huge effect, the bees that were treated with the insecticides were unable to follow the direction of visual movement so they weren't able to orient themselves properly."Our results are reason for concern because the ability of bees to respond appropriately to visual information is crucial for their flight and navigation, and thus their survival," she said.The research also found that pesticide-exposed bees tended to have an elevated proportion of dead cells in parts of the brain's optic lobes, important for processing visual input."To fully understand the risk of these insecticides to bees, we need to explore whether the effects we observed in walking bees occur in freely flying bees as well."The major concern is that, if bees are unable to overcome any impairment while flying, there could be profound negative effects on their ability to forage, navigate, and pollinate wildflowers and crops."

SH1 FULL OVERNIGHT ROAD CLOSURE coming up between Warkworth - Wellsford
SH1 FULL OVERNIGHT ROAD CLOSURE coming up between Warkworth - Wellsford

17 August 2022, 9:40 PM

Ara Tūhono– Puhoi to Warkworth motorway project will be undertaking the next phase of the pavement improvement and tie in works on State Highway 1 (SH1) between Kaipara Flats Road/Goatley Road and Hudson Road intersections. SH1 will be closed to all traffic in both directions from Wellsford to the Hudson Road intersection for 10 nights over a two-week period this month to allow the project team to complete the work. The closures will be in place between 9pm and 5am from Sunday 21 August to Thursday 25 August, and then again from Sunday 28 August to Thursday 1 September. There will be a detour in place via State Highway 16 from Wellsford to Woodcocks Road, Warkworth. This detour will add up to 30 minutes extra to the journey. If you are travelling north, you can exit the motorway at Silverdale to SH16 and avoid the Warkworth area. We advise planning travel of this time carefully and apologies for any inconvenience caused. Over dimension loads will not be able to use the detour route, therefore we have a special arrangement in place where over dimension vehicles will be able to access through the work site at a set time on set days. Please contact us 48 hours or more before your journey on 0508 P2WK INFO (0508 7295 4636) or at info@nx2group.com. Heavy vehicles can use the detour route, and it is suggested you exit at Silverdale.Once we complete this piece of work, we’ll be back on Sunday 4 September to complete the traffic switch and a further road closure will be needed that night. A much shorter detour via Hudson Road will be in place while we do this work. After the switch has taken place, the road surface will be a lot smoother. Please plan ahead for your journey during this time and check the Waka Kotahi Journey Planner https://www.journeys.nzta.govt.nz/traffic/ before you travel.

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